Apparatus for burning liquid hydrocarbons



(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 1.

W. R. PEARSON. APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIQUID HYDROGARBONS. No. 526,737. Patented Oct. 2, 1894.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. R. PEARSON. APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIQUID HYDROGARBONS.

No. 526,737. Patented Oct. 2, 1894.

THE nunms Pneus cca.A Pacman-m WASHINGTON, D. c.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

WILLIAM R. FEARSON, OF S'I. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

APPARATUS FOR BURNINGWLIQUID HYDROCARBONS.

srncrEIcATIoN forming part of Letters ratent No. 526.737, dated october 2, 1894.

Application filed .Tuly 31,1893.

vTo a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, WILLIAM R. PEARSON, a citizen of the United States, residing in St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Apparatus for Vaporizing and Burning Liquid Hydrocarbons, of which the following is such a full, clear, and exact description as will enable any one skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part My invention will be best understood by `referring to the accompanying drawings, in`

whichl Figure 1 is a side view 1n section of `my hydro-carbon burner, the section beingtaken through the center of the oil supply pipe. Fig. 2 is a side view in section of my hydrocarbon burner, the section being taken through both the supply pipe andthe gas or vapor pipe. Fig. 3 is a side v1ew 1n section of a modified form of my hydro-carbon burner. Fig. 4 is a plan view, of my burner the reltort, and connecting pipes being removed.

Referring to the drawings in which the same marks of reference indicate the same arts throughout the several views, 5 is a hollow circular base on which my apparatus is mounted. The base 5 is preferably provided with the outward projection or rim 6, the design of said projection being to provide suitable supports for the burner; should 1t be desired to mount it upon an additional base, or otherwise support it. The base 5 is also provided with inwardly projecting lugs 7, said lugs forming a support for the burner, as hereinafter explained.

I preferably form in the base 5, the perfo-` `little oil.

Serial No.481,930 (No model.)

rations or holes 8. The interior of the base serves as a drip reservoir into which passes any oil or` other liquid hydro-carbon which may overiiow from the ring basin.

`Mounted upon the lugs 7 of the base 5 is thecircular burner 9. Said burner 9 is provided near its outer edge with an annular groove 0r depression 10, forming a firing basin in which I preferably place the circular asbestos wick 11. Passing through a suitable orice near the center of the burner 9 is the supply pipe 12. The supply pipe 12 is connected at its lower end by means of a suitable elbow 13 with a pipe 14, which conducts to any suitable oil supply reservoir (not shown in drawings). The upper end of the supply pipe 12 passes into the retort 15. `The retort 15 is preferably made of cast iron and is provided with a cavity therein, said cavity having one or more depressions l5a lying below the level of the upper end of a gas or vapor pipe 1S. The depressions 15a are of small capacity so as to contain but It is obvious that no more oil can accumulate in the retort 15 than will be suiicient to ll the depressions 15, asthe oil will flow therefrom as soon as it rises to the upper end of the gas or vapor pipe 18. The burner 9 has formed therein small hollow spaces or reservoirs 16, (Fig. l.) The said' reservoirs are of small capacity, adapted to hold but little oil, and are connected together by means of a duct or passageway 17 (Fig. 2). It has heretofore been found that the iiow of gas from hydro-carbonburners takes place in an irregular and intermittent manner and the reservoirs 16 are designed to correct that `difficulty and secure a regular and even flow of gas. Inserted in the burner 9, so as to form a mcansof communication between the reservoirs land the exterior of said burner, are the gas tips or `nozzles 19.` Said gas tips or nozzles are `preferably ysecured in apertures in which theyat snugly, and are provided with conical perforations as shown in Fig. 1. The reservoirs 16 communicate with the interior of the gas retort l5 through a gas or vapor pipe 18, the upper end of which passes into said retort, and the lower end into the passageway or duct 17, formed in the burner 9.

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Upon the top of thebase 5, surrounding i the burner 9, is mounted the jacket 20. Said jacket 2O is preferably made in two parts, and said parts are hinged or pivoted so that each one of them can be swung outward to' of its being swung outward for the purpose of lighting the re after whichit may Vbel swung inward so as to direct the flame against the retort 15 for the purpose of intensifying thei heat and rapidly vaporizing the oil in said retort, and after vaporization has begun, it may again be swung outward as indicated, the -nozzles alone serving thereafter to direct the gas flame against the retort.

Fig. 3 represents a modified form of my apparatus, and is precisely similar in construction to the form just described, excepting only that the gas or vapor pipe 18, enters the retort 15 at the top instead of the bottom thereof, and is given the curved direction as indicated in Fig. 3.

Where the modified form shown in Fig. 3 is employed, itis necessary to provide an additional or overflow pipe 18n for conducting the oilv from the retort 15 to the burner 9. Where the vapor or gas flows from the retort 15, through a pipe entering the retort through the top thereof, thegas is likely to be delivered in a more uniform manner; and may be freed from some of the heavier residual matter, Whose gravity will prevent it from passing upward. j

The mode of operation of my improved hydro-carbon burner islas follows: The liquid hydro-,carbon to be vaporized and burned passes from anyv suitable reservoir through the pipe 14 and the pipe 12 to the retort 15. Such hydro-carbon may be caused to pass through the pipes 14 and 12 and into the retort 15, by means of pressure exerted on the oil in the supply reservoir, or by reason of the fact that the said reservoir is given a higher position than the retort 15. The oil or other liquid hydro-carbon passing into the retortl 15 as aforesaid, fills the vdepressions 15a in said retort up to the level of the upper end of the gas or vapor pipe 18. When the oil reaches the level of the gas or vapor pipe 18, it can rise no higher, but will dow downward into the reservoirs 16 formed in the burner 9, and will flow outward through the gas tips or nozzles 19 and be collected in the annular depressionv or firing basin formed near the rim of the burner 9'. Shouldany oil overflow from the annular depression 10, it will pass down into the drip reservoir which is formed in the base 5. When the oil has begun to flow from the gas tips or nozzles 19, said oil may be lighted,the oil 'valve closed,

and the dame will be directed upward against the retort 15 by the inclosing jacket 20. By reason of the small capacity of the depressions 15a in the retort 15, only a small quantityof oil will be contained therein, and it will be vaporized almost immediately upon lighting, the process of vaporization, beginning much more promptly than is the case with hydro-carbon burners provided with retorts containing larger quantities of oil. The gas or vapor formed in the retort 15 will pass downward through the gas or vapor pipe 18 and be emitted from the nozzles or gas tips 19, whereupon it will be ignited and the apparatus will become a vapor or gas burner exclusively. The oil valve is thenv opened. The tips 19 are given such a direction that the lighted gas issuing therefrom will be directed against the retort 15 so as to continue the process of evaporation. The conical form of the apertures in the gas tips or noz-Y zles 19 render it very difficult for them to be clogged or stopped up by the small particles of solid carbon or other foreign bodies likely to lie-present in the gas or vapor. Should the gas tips or nozzles become clogged, they being simply inserted in close fitting apertures formed in the burner, they will be forced from their position by the pressure of the gas, before the pressure becomes so great as to render an explosion possible.

Having fully described my invention, what I wish to claim and secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In a hydro-carbon burner, the combination of a retort connected with an oil supply, a hollow burner below such retort with a surrounding firing basin, such burner connected with the retort by a gas or vapor pipe, a jacket surrounding such burner adapted to concentrate the dame from the firing basin, and apertures in the walls of suchjacket through which flame jets from the burner are directed, to strike the retort, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a hydro-carbon burner, the combination of a hollow burner, a iiringbasin surrounding the same, a retort above such burner connected to the same by a gas or vapor pipe, a separable or divisible jacket surrounding the sides of the burner for concentrating the flame from the firing basin, such jacket pivoted or hinged so as to open or close, and apertures in the walls of the jacket through which flame jets from the burner are .directed when such jacket is closed.

, 3. In a hydro-carbon burner, the .combination of a retort, a burner below connected lto such retort by a gas or vapor pipe, a ring basin surrounding such burner, said burner provided with a cavity having depressions of limited capacity therein, nozzles linserted in apertures formed in such burner, a divided Y jacket surrounding such burner .and firing basin, such jacket having an open' top and ap- IOC) rio

is closed, the ame jets from the burner will July, 1893, in the presence of the two subscribpass through such apertures, and the flame `ing witnesses.

from the ring basin will be concentrated 1 Within such jacket, substantially as shown y WILLIAM R PEARSON LL' S'] `5 and described. Witnesses:

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set A. C. FOWLER,

my hand and aixed my seahthis 27th day of PAUL F. CosTE. 

